Ventilator.



A. DARROCH.

VBNTILATOB.

APPLIoATIoN rILBD 001'. 22, 1907.

Patented Oct. 13, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Q31?! L wma nto@ I @13 wloznaw A. DABROUH.

VBNTILATOB. APPLmATIoI rILzD oo'r. n2, 1901.

Patented Oct. 13, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SIRET 2.

'PATENT OFFICE.

Aut-ifs manor u, or N-owiio'ar, u. Y.

Speeicaton o! Letters Patent.

-Patented Oct. 13, 1908.

Application filed October 22, 1907. Serial No. 398,566.

To all whom tt Trl/ty concern.'

lllo it known that I, ANUUS V{ )Auluioul n. citizen of the United Stetesi, residingr in the borough ol Brooklyn, oity and Stale ol' Non York, have inventedpertain new und usrl'ul Improvements in Ventilators7 ol" whieh the followiripr is a slieeilieation.

My invention relates particularly 'to ventilatina;l shi is, hut is also iuiplieable to the vrotilation ol' buildings.

The olijeet ol .luy lnventionis to rll'rel.ivf e.ly ventilato the several oom )arturo-nts ol' u ship or building by torrinpr fresh air into thosorrrul compartments through u suiti'thle Ventilating )ipe hy the natural draft el airand. removing the heated and 'loul nir l'roiu the eon'ipurtments l) suction t-xhuust created hy the natural l ral t. Ventilatore as heretofore dosigned to operate o`n this gonerzil principle have not been entirely effective, mainly 'iecause .no ,revision h been made for equalizc i'ng the e feet of the air currents in properly distriliutirnr the fresh air and reinov'in;r the heated olwiiiul air from the various parts of the ship or. huilding,r to be ventilated. My

resent invention overcomes this` serious de ect in ventilators l) y so arranging'the ventilatini,r system that the supply ol fresh air shall be approximate! equally `distributed throughout the severa. compartments to he ventilated, and the Suction exhaust for earrying oil` the heated and foul oir will also not equally upon the set/oral compariniente to he ventilated.. In zwmnrplishing this i niporiant result I prefer to employeoneent .e ventilat-4 ing pipes or staelo. l'or the passage ol the resh nir u-nd foul nir in opposite directions, land, arranged upon the outer oud ol thisI double Ventilating; pipo, un improved loi-u1 ol' Ventilating funnel whieh supplies the 'fresh nir to the inner pipe or steek and creates the suction exhaust io lhe oulrr l'oul air tipo. At suitable points l provide auxiliary l air supply p1pesloadhig from tho main fresh air ventiel-ling pipe; und l properlyproportionfrl'hese auxiliary 'fresh air supply ipes to give the requisite proportion o'l lires 1 n .ir to the several Compartinents ol' the 'vessel or building which is to he ventilated. These auxiliary fresh air pipes are preferably in the forni of troughs, 'or pipes with the 1 1 pper'por-- tionseut away, arranged radially across the `fresh `air Ventilating pipe and su plying` the fresh air to the bottom vol the e rambers or (mmp'a'rtl'nents into whioh they lead The several auxiliary fresh air troughs oir-pipes "u pward ly n nd wlrioh intersect the main fresh air pipo/in dillerent horizontal planos, are also tiroteoa'lily :u'ran 'ed in' dill'orent er1/leal planos, so :is lo iti/oil. as unir-h as possible in terl'erenoe luitiverni-tho several auxiliary pipes.

'lhe hot 'and foul air outlet flue between the inner und outer Ventilating pipes 'or stacks, is divided by a 'phu'aliiy ol vertu-filly arranged radial platre',I or partilious tol'orm u, series of vertioai ehannels l'or the passage of the hot and lou! air from the vessel or building heini; ventilated. lurh one of those vertical foul air vcnitilz'iting rhaunels is in eonnnunieation through n. euilahle pi ie Wi th one of the compartments or rooms to )e ventilated and loads lroni said munpertinent dirlixetly to tho exhaust outlet ol| the reutilating funnel. 'l`lu- Ventilating luunel in so arranged that enel; one ol' them; l'mf nir channels is-indepemleutly nrt-od upon hy part of the Suolion exhaust r-realod hy the notion ol" the wind or natural drali upon thi` ventilating;r funnel. Hinfi the .sm-'eral vrrli'rul foul air channels ol the ventilator are arranged in dill'orent radial planos: and aroronnoctod with eonipartnl'vnif: or rooms ut dill'orent ele ration-s, particuli:rljv iny the rui-w of ventilatingtho. several d( s oli-n` ship, it will, of' course, he umlrrsloitl thm ilupipes lending from theI eouipurlnwlus to he t ouliluted will enter the veri-leal lool oir rhonuols in dilleront ,radial planes und at dilleient elevations.

.l prefer to :1l-ronge holla the` auxiliary liesh :nir suppixl pipes :unl lho i'oul air exhuust pipes iu puirs wilt-rillingl`ro-iu their re-. spor-.tive l'rosh .ur und l'oul nir Ventilating pipes` in `dizumitrierilly opposite positions, sinithis has proven to he the 1iui,--.t-eo.n\w.n ioni :uruugoumnt for r:u'r \'irr out my-.invenenlilul-.ion ol' ships. y l'lhe vonlilatingr luuuel of my ii-nproved. ventilator formed hy extending the in'n'er and outer Ventilating pipes in eolu'r-rltrie lluring curves und arranging in the high portion of the-bell or inouth ol the funnel an :u1- nular series oli openings rounnunir-ating with which open into the outlets ol' the respectivo air exhaust rluinnels, for rr-ratingr independ# out stu-.tion exhaust in eur-h ol' suid channels. '.lhe'oxhaustthrough the l`ou| air olmmils'is also assisted hy the rush ol nir past the outer edge of the Ventilating.r funnel. By s nlrrangemenl'. the suction at tlioonteremjls of rearwardly r uryed tubes the foul air Channels will be equliz'od, since each channel subjected to exactly the Seme l inner and outer pipe or etno-li' sections 5 end influence, and ell of the chan nels are entirelj.r lndepeudent. Euch channel dining inde-Y pendent cornmuniection `with one ol the compartments to be ventilated, it willbc' clear that the liet and toni air will. he drawi'i from each compartment Without regard te ltsdlstanee from the ventilator, and entirely independently of the Ventilating effect upon any or all of the other f., snpmtifnents.

This improved form ef Ventilator not, dependent upon the direction of the wiiiid, since it can be adjusted to fece the wind als in en ordinary ventilator', and no metter which direction the Ventilating funnel is pomteth there will the sameeqmiaflizix'lg ellcf. upon all of the coingmrmnents to ventilated.

The upper ITafir'timi of the Venti siter retatably mounted in main (leek ef' the Yes I sel, or .inf the 'hoof of the building, and some suitable devi-ees provided for holding i't in ed" v jusmd position. Means fare provided for in dicating the several positions of afiiljneftment which cause the rogistyof the dii-'leien plates or partitions in @the and ade jnstafble sections of .the foi-il' air Ventilating pipey so that no metter what poeiiion vrtilwter is adjusted to, there will alw'm,

remain the i-I-idependent channels from .the

severa-l .compartments to the ot'rtle'ts for foul air.

In order that my invention mary he fell understood, il will first leserihe the with reference to the accompanying drewings, and afterwwrds oiftont the'novelty Amore v1eartic-,nlmly in It e annexed claims;

Iii-said drawings Figure l is a. vertical. sectioul View of the -u'iper portion nl .my ini-` proved ventilator. 511g. 2 is a horizon tai/l sec-- tiene] View Miken on the @line 2--2 ol' Fig. 1, lf3@ `ftdeteil lace view-of the iuppers/nd of th Ventile-ting ilunnel. Fig. 4 is 'e Vertical Section5 View of the lower portion of my im'- proved ventilator, this seeti'ln being teken 1n the seme plaine es Fig.' '1, or on v. e lime 1e .3M- oi fllig. 2. Fig. fi 1s :e similar View tei-lien on the line =6--G o'' Fig'. 2. v While my invention 'n'ey Alie it inlierl to the ventilation el' buildings gone-rally, it is per-- `tionlnrly a n'rlienflile to the 'ventilation ol" Ships, :md lllmve Showi'iin the drawings the lapplication ol' lthe invention for the vei-rti'le tion of si ship or vessel with three dee-ks, nl-A thougli the 'pliifxeiple of my invention is ai 'Vlieztlile `to the ventilation olf ships with u erger or" smaller -nn-inher olt decks, und. also' Fig. 5 if; ny View similm eto` -F 1g. 4, taken on the i..

yn'o-eeting up l'i'om the dect, and the coiffe spent. ing l l \\nwft1'rflly extending extensions .'5 and of Suid ipes er stacks which project licneel'l. the i eck, iv sind. down 'through similar openings formed in the lower docks 'lhe sections 5, 5 ol the inner 'pipe or strich, sind the seetiorle ii, G of the outer concentric 'pipe or statali eeiisitute inner und. older ventilnling pipes which :tre joined et it* :md l i just ebow/e the piene elf upper deck 1, the lewer setione ol" these stecke being idly mounted in the vessel or ljiuilding, while the upper sectie! s rotetnblyw mounted upon the lower eer-'tiem for the perm pose ol' 'perni itin# the rotary nfljnstnn-int oi' the upper sections "to 'izn'c he wind hereinafter explained. llo hold. the upper seetons ol the Ventilating pip-fw; or slacks in, the desired adi-tried posieien, l nrs-enge some suitable Si( @h l'or holding the said erts in. platee. A' vin in the drawings, provitw e cir-anim' mela or ring 15 upon the outer pip-c .ftion t said ring nziving -equsetllggT si'ystced ijmteiiev, l5? with which may i or iin-ger suitably en shown et v, nner and enter: pipes-nr stanche 5 and (i are rigidly secured. together, end the annular s-peee between these pipes is divided verti cally by a series oaf partitilin plates 20 which .are ene-m ,d in ne diei lanes and divide thei 'the into series of ng channels for the esce, )e-oi het sind foul .fte lie the drawings ly eve sho-wn the between the 4pipes .5 and 6* divided into six vertical channels because in .the in of my invention which l; heroin specifically illustrate ,and describe, I have arranged for the memotral of the :het and foul en' from Six separate eonpamments. The number of these vertical Ventilating channels may be increased or .decreased to suit the requirements of the 'particular ship lor ,building which is to 'he ventilated.

The upper ends of the pipes 5 end 6 are curved laterally to one lside 'to form en inlet im' the pipe 5 end en outlet for ,the-'pipe G. 'elfhe (lering trumpet Shwped'mouth 25 of the 'iipe 5 is curved. `ontw:trdly and remwitrdly item the mouth, as shown at to overlstp the lllltted outlet end 27 of the pirpe 6 vertical division plates 2() me shaped at their upper ends to correspond with the curved enel-flared ends of the pipes 5 and i6, said p'leztes extending to the extreme edge as shown. et 20 of the outletl opening ol' the pibe 6, so that the Ventilating clmnn'els between the pipes 5 amd :6 will he'scpnrrlte and distinct fto the outlet of the pi e.

A` series (if curved tubes 3H end from a series of openings 3l in the bell of the '-tmunpet pipes 5 and 6, fofjthe purpose of inducing in- The ` and (i, indicated at 5 and 6, project ship to bc \f'cnti|atcd. 'allxlhary Ircsh au' npc loi.' accomplishing my www."

dependent air currents at the outlets of these channels and thereby create independent suetionsin said channels for assisting in the removal of the hot and foul air from the coinpartments to be ventilated. This suction at the outlets of the foul air Ventilating channels is also assisted by the rush of air past the oultier edge of the bell of the vcntilatinpr funne As stated above the continuations of pipes )eneath thc main deck l and through the several under decksiof the ship. The annular s )ace between the pipe sections 5 and G is t ivided vertically hy partition walls 4() in the same manner as above described with refer-V ence to )ipc sections 5 and (i, so as to forni a Series of six vertical foul air channels which are adapted to register exactly with the, foul air channels in the upper adjustable sections of these Ventilating p1 ies. In Fig. 1 it will be observed that the ower ends of vertical ilivis'ionplates 20 of the up er i ie sections contact with the upper en( o the vertical division plates 40 of the lower pipe sections and exactly register therewithon the )lane of separation between the upper and ower sections. This plane of separation is indicated at 35 in Fig. 1.

The central Ventilating pi e or stack 5, 5 is utilized for supplying frcs air to the several compartments to be ventilated. 'lhe fresh air is taken in at the mouth or ventilating funnel and forced downwardly hy the ing shown at 5b in Figs. 4, 5 and of the drawings. To su )ply a propel' propoi'tioi'i of tho'fresh air to t ie other compartments of,

the ship or building, l arrange auxiliary fresh air pipes 5t) and 55 transversely of the main vcntilatinihr pipes or stacks 5" and ti as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and t. Y

ln the specific embodiment of my invention shown in thc drawings, in which provision is mudo for Ventilating only three compartments or lcvcls if a ship or building, l design thc auxiliary lrcsh air pipes 5l) and 55 so that cach will take from thc main fresh air pipe approxiiiiatcly ,onctliirdol' the fresh air passing' through the main fresh air stack, whilc tlic rcniaininpr third of thc fresh air will lic pcrmittcd to pass out through the lowcl' o ien cud of thc fresh air stack, thcchy supplyinar upproxiniatcly an cipial quantity of rcsh air for cach ol' thc holds or levels of the 'l`hc simplest form of purpose is prohab y the form shown iir my drawings,.in which an ordinary cylindrical pipe is passed dianictrically through the concentric stack sections 5 and t,` and the up away as shown at 5] to provide an upwardly opened trough transversely of the fresh air pipe. The opposite ent ls of the auxiliary f rcsh air pipe 5U are led to suitable points of distribution in the compartment or compartincnts to be ventilated, which points of distribution mav be at widely separated parts of the ship or building. 'lhc sections of thc )ipe 5t) which pass through the annular space lictweeu stack sections 5 and fl" are located in opposite ver` tical channels between the inain stack seetions, but arc entirely out off from said channels oi' races, and do not interferewith the outlet of foul and hot air through said vertical Ventilating;r channels for the reason that they are loc-ated beneath the foul air connections between tlie compartments and the channels in which they are located. This arrangement and cooperation will be hereinafter incre fully ex ilained. If it is, desired to increase the widt i ofthe trough portion of the fresh air pi )e 5() within the fresh all' Stack section .5, sai trough section may be spread outwardly by bendingits sides to intercept a greater proportion of the area of the fresh air stack, and il' it is desired to reduce the width of the saine, it may siniilarl f be contracted by bending the sides inwardly.

The auxiliary fresh air pipe 55 is of exactly the saine construction las the pipe50just descrihed,'thesc auxiliary fresh air pipes 50 and 51 are located just above thel floor levels 0f the compartments into which they lead and so as to avoid as nnich as possible their intel'- ference with each other, they are laced in crossing' vertical planes as indicatctrin Fig. 2 of thev drawings.

As stated above, the vertical channels formed in the space bctnccii thc niain ventilating' stacks 5, 5"" andA 6, ti are utilized for conveyingr fromV thc coin )artincnts to be veiltilated the lioi.- and fou air. (fonseipicntly the connections hctwccn the compartments and thcsc hot and foul air outlct channels lead from the coinpartinclits at or near the to i, as shown in Figs. l, 4, 5 and (i.

ips l and -l show thc auxiliary -hot and iio p `tircly cnt oll'ifroin beneath by the iiiti'odiiction of thc pipes, so that said channels hciii-ath the points of' communication with the npcs ti() and (i5 are dead air spaces which iavc no further functionin my ventilator.

Since the portions of said channels beneath pipes 60 and (l5 perform no function, it will e clear that the auxiliary fresh air supply pipe 50 is passed through the stark sections in the vertical plane in which pipes (l0 and 65 are located so that said auxiliary fresh air pipe does not interfere wit any other part of the ventilator.

In Fig. 5 I have shown at 70 and 75 the auxiliary hot and foul air outlet pipes leading from compartments directly beneath the deck 3 and communicating with two other diametrically op osito vertical Ventilating channels. Vlt wil be observed by reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings that the section on which Fig. 5 is taken is at an angle to the section on which Fig. 4 is taken, the channels into which pipes 70 and. 75 lead being arranged along side of, or in different vertical planes from, the channels in to which pi es 60 and`65 lead. It vn'll also be 'observed y referring to Fig. 5 that the auxiliary air supply Y l pipe 55 extends through the diametrica opposite channels into which the foul air outlet ipes 70 and 75 leadl since.' said'foul lair out et ipes completely cut off the vert-ical chani'ie s from beneath at their points of inteisection.

Upon referring to Fie'. 6 it will be observed that the auxiliary foul andr hot air delivery pipes 80 and 85 lead into the two remainin vertical foul air channels between the kstac sections in a different vertical plane from the lanes shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The auxiliary foul air outlet pi es 80 and 85 are located directly beneath the owest deck 4, and since this is the lowest compartment in the vessel or building to be ventilated, the outer stack section 6 terminates in the horizontal' lane in which the pipes 80 and S5 are locate( From the above description of my invention it will be clear that I provide a ventilating s stem in which there is a natural draft supp y of-fresh air to the several compartments to beventilated, and that there is an ind @pendent foul and hot air channel leading from-each compartment to the outlet of the' ven'ilator, each foul air outlet channel bein entirely7 separated from end to end from a the other channels, so that the suction eX- haust, created as above described, at the outlet of each of theseindependcnt channels will act vupon the particular com artmcnt with which cach communicates wit outreference to oriniuence by the ventilation of the remaining compartments. By adjusting the u per Ventilating pipe or stack sections 5 an'd y rotatably upon the lower pipe or stack sections 5 and 6 into one'of the six possible positions indicated, it will be clear that. the open -mouth of the funnel may be presented to catcha natural draft or wind and at the saine` time maintain the inde endence of the several foul air outlet channe s from the com- 95 partinents tothe outlets behind the open mouth of the funnel. The possiblel ositions of adjustment of the upper part of t e ventilating stack sections corres ondV exactly With the positions of the severalpvertical partition plates so that in each possible adiustinent the partition plates in the upper and lower sections of the ventilatoiwill correspond and exactly register. When the o en mouth of the funnel is presented to rate the Wind, it will be observed that the outlet of each independent ul air outlet ehannehwill receive an equal yproportion of the suction inducing current so that'the independent suctions for exhausting foul air from the several compartments will not be atleeted by the relative location of the compartments, whether near to or far aw'av from the main Ventilating stack, a defect which has sometimes been serious in forms of ventilators heretofore used.

It will be clear from the above dcscri tion of my invention that I do not intend to iniit myself to the specilic arrangement of arts shown and described in the form which I. have ado ted to illustrate the principles involved. he preferredl arrangement is as 90 shown, but the system may be enlarged or rei duced to any extent to ventilata a larver or a smaller number of compartments. For instance, the space between the inner and outer ventilating pipes or stacks may be divided into a larger or smaller number of-vertical foul air outlet channels, and the main fresh air supply pipe or stack may have a larger number of intercepting fresh air pipes.y It will also be clear that the partitions forniing the foul air outlet channels may be arranged in spiral forni around the inner fresh air stack without departure from' tho spirit of my invention. In fact the concentric arrangement of the fresh air pipes or stacks is not absolutely essential to vmy invention, al-

though this is by far the most preferablel forni, since it enables me to embody my invention in a system involving the cutting of only one hole through the deck or roof of the shilp or building.

consider my invention to involve broadly the provision of a-pluralil-y of independent l foul `air outlet channels leading from the several com artments to be ventilated and each channel aving an independent natural draft suction exhaust, and means for supplying freshair to thecompartments from which the inde endent foul air channels lead.

1. In a ventilator, the combination of a plurality of independent foul air outlet chan- .nels leadin from the several compartments .to be venti ated, means for creating an independentsuctio'n exhaust in each channel, and i-2`5 means for supplying fresh air to the compartments from which the independent foul air channels lead.

2.' In a ventilator, the combination of la l plmalty'of independent foul air outletchan- 130 nels leadin from vrthe several compartments to be venti ated, means l'or producing an independent natural draft suction exhaust in each channel, and means l'or snp lying fresh aix' to the com artinents froin wliieh the iiide ndent fou air channels lead.

.'Ina ventilator, the combination of a plurality of independent foul air outlet channels ledin frOm the several coin )aitiiicnts to be ventilated, and means for suppl in fresh air to the compartments from wiicii the independent foul air channels lead, with an adjustable cowl arran ed to create equal inde enden't natural dra t suction exhausts in all)of said foul air outlet channels.

4; ln a ventilator, the combination'of a circular series of independent foul air outlet channels leadingfrom the several com artments to be ventilated, a rotatably a( justable cowl having a circular series of channels adapted to re 'st-er with said foul air outlet channels in al of lthe positions of adj ustment 'of said cowl, means upon said cowl or creating an independent natural draft suction exhaust in each of said channels, and means for supplying fresh air to the compartments roiln w iich the independent foul,air channels cai.

5. ln a ventilator, the combination 'of two concentric pipes or stacks ol' unequal diameter, partitions arranged between said stacks and forming independent foul air channels independent connections between said foul air channels and the compartments to be ventilated, independent 'means for creating suction at the outlet of each of saidfoul air channels, and means supplying fresh air to the inner stack.

6. In a ventilator, thc combination of two concentric pipes oi' stacks of unequal diameter, partitions arranged between said stacks and forming independent foul air channels, independent connections between said foul air channels and the compartments to be ventilated, independent means for creating suction at the outlet of each of said foul air channels, means supplyingvfresh air to the` inner stack, and auxiliary fresh air pipes leading from said inner stack to said compartments.

7. 'The combination of the inner and outer Ventilating stacks passing th rough the comz cation with the co tween said channe partition walls between said stacks forming foul air outlet channels, independent connections between said channels and the compart ments to be ventilated, a Ventilating funnel havinu inner and outer pipes correspondin with the inner and outer vcntilatin stacks an adjustable thereon, partition wa ls between the inner and outer ipes of the ventilatin funnel registering with) said walls between sai stacks and forming continuations of said foul, air channels, means for creating an exhaust in cach of the channels ofthe ventilating stacks and funnel, and means for securi the Ventilating funnel in the desired adjustg position. i

9. A Ventilating funnel comprising inner and outer coiieenti'ic pipes having partition walls in the s ace between said pi es, and tubes leading rom the face of the finnel to 'the outlets of the channels formed by said partition walls, whereby inde ndent exiaust is created-in each of said c annels.

10. The combination of the inner and outer concentric ventilating pipes or stacks, a flaring mouth for said inner stack, and a' pendent foul airy outlet channels in communil artments to be ventilated, with s Ventilating funnel havin a ilarving mouthed fresh air intake and a p urality of channels forming 'continuations of said foul air outlet channels, anda series of independent passages leading-from the mouth of 1 i. The @mbinaion i t plurality of aus.,

the fresh air intake to the foul air outlet channels. v 12. In a ventilator, the combination of the adjustable' concentric stack sections having' partition walls arranged between them, a ventilatin funnel for supplying fresh air to one of sai( adjustable stack sections and for creating suction exhaust in the channels bc- Vtween the adjustable stack sections, the stationary concentric stack sections extendin through the compartments to be ventilata and forming continuations of the adjustable stack sections, partition walls arranged between the stationary stack sections, ilues leading from the compartments to be venti? lated, and communicating with the channels between the stationary stack sections, and auxiliary fresh air supply pipes intersecting the stationary stack sections and leading to the compartments to be ventilated, said auxiliary pipes having open communication with one of said stationary stack' sections. y

13. In a ventilator, the combination ofthe inner and outer Ventilating stacks, vertical partition walls arranged between said stacks to form channels, ipes communicating bel.; and the compartments to he ventilated, means for su plying fresh air to the inner stack andfor ex austing,r foul .air through said channels, and auxiliary fresh air to the inner stack 'air supply ipes passing through saidr ventil alr through said channels, and auxiliary-j fresh 15 lating stac and communicating between the inner stack and the `compartments to be ventilated, the foul air outlet pipe and the auxiliary fresh air supply pipe of each compartment being in the same vertical plane.

14!` In a ventilatorfthe combination of the g inner and outer Ventilating-stacks, vertical l ainsupply ipes passing through said ventilatlng stac s and communicating betwee'n the inner stack and the compartments to be j ventilated, each of said auxiliary fresh air pipes having its 'upper section cut away withm the inner stack section to form an intersecting fresh air trou h. i

` NGUS DARRCH. Witnesses P. F. SONNEK, WM. E. KNIGHT.

partition walls arranged between said stacks l to form channels, pipes communoafing'be- .f tween said channels and the compartments l to be ventilated, means for supplying fresh l and for exhausting foulIv 

